Even the definition of reconciliation as restoring the right relationship between people should not be (mis)interpreted as going backward to a pre-conflict situation. Read about (and contribute to) the Constructive Conflict Initiative and its associated Blog—our effort to assemble what we collectively know about how to move beyond our hyperpolarized politics and start solving society's problems. [4] John Paul Lederach, The Moral Imagination: The Art and Soul of Building Peace (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005), 143-7. It begins by examining the concept of reconciliation and the perspective of conflict transformation. Whereas traditional conflict resolution has focused primarily on halting quarrels with agreements between leaders on each side of a conflict, reconciliation techniques shift the focus in two ways. For that purpose, the essay is divided into three main sections. #mbi_frontiers, MPP offers a strategy for combining our collective knowledge and skills into a large-scale effort to promote more constructive approaches to conflict. While the history of the region abounds with tales of battles, conquests and tribal wars dating back to medieval times, [14] Jack Snyder and Leslie Vinjamuri, "Trial and Errors," International Security, Vol. Knowledge Base. Reconciliation and conflict resolution. It argues that the knowledge about past violence is hardly a canonical truth. Based on several central concepts of desert, the rule of law, human rights, and democracy, advocates of the liberal human rights tradition 'place a premium on the punishment of perpetrators and the vindications of victims in response to large scale crimes against humanity, war crimes, and other human rights violations.'[13]. By far the most famous of them is South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission that held hearings into the human rights abuses during the apartheid era and held out the possibility of amnesty to people who showed genuine remorse for their actions. Users without a subscription are not able to see the full content. Traditional Mechanisms of Conflict Resolution and Reconciliation Resolving conflict amicably is not an alien concept to the Arab World. harmony, Keywords: First, they take more of a grassroots approach, building agreement among the members of rival communities, not only between leaders. [6] Daniel Philpott, "Religion, Reconciliation, and Transitional Justice: The State of the Field," SSRC Working Papers, October 2007. Now they are both retreating. What is it and how does it work? However, if one adopts the perspective of conflict transformation, rather than conflict resolution, then reconciliation becomes a crucial part and parcel of conflict transformation. While conflict resolution is believed to cause temporary settlements and brief periods of peace in volatile situations, conventional conflict resolution techniques are not capable of building longterm stability. [2] John Paul Lederach, Building Peace: Sustainable Reconciliation in Divided Societies (Washington D.C.: USIP, 1997). Conflict transformation, however, professes the goal o… rivals, Yaacov Bar-Siman-Tov, editor Join Us in calling for a dramatic expansion of efforts to limit the destructiveness of intractable conflict. 2. 9For that reason, typ… Second, reconciliation takes a longterm view of dispute resolution. Instead, this book contends, practitioners of conflict resolution need to focus more on reconciliation (the restoration of confidence, friendship, and harmony between rivals) than on mere conflict resolution. Conflict transformation, however, professes the goal of transforming the conflict into something desired in a longer timeframe, focusing not only on the content of the conflict but more importantly on the context and relationship between the actors involved. The competitive, "fighting" or forcing conflict style maximizes individual assertiveness (i.e., concern for self) and minimizes empathy (i.e., concern for others). Conflict resolution professionals use a number of techniques to try to foster reconciliation. As archbishop Desmond Tutu argues, a truth commission was probably the most appropriate mechanism to reconcile the people in South Africa and, more importantly, to transform the country given its specific political and social circumstances.[9]. Leiner defends reconciliation as an alternative approach to conflict resolution against four criticisms. Terminological differences aside, there are some basic contrasts between the two approaches. If people grow frustrated and disappointed with truth commissions, they may lose their trust in the overall reconciliation process. This article contributes to the debates around concepts of truth, confession, forgiveness and reconciliation. [9] Desmond Tutu, No Future without Forgiveness (NY: Doubleday, 1999). Conflict resolution implies the goal of ending undesired conflicts in a relatively short timeframe, focusing on the content of conflict as something that is disputed and which gives rise to conflict in the first place. [7] Apology also serves to build the unity between victims and perpetrators, a change desired in the relational dimension of conflict transformation. 28, No. In sum, the concept of reconciliation can fit into the framework of conflict transformation and has great potential to complement practices for transformational strategies. Tony Macauley, who is known Author, Peace Builder and Consultant, explains. empathy). First, it briefly discusses the concept of reconciliation and the perspective of conflict transformation. In the secular world, reconciliation as such becomes much like restorative justice. The Election, COVID, Racism, and the Constructive Conflict Initiative [16] Solomon Schimmel, Wounds Not Healed by Time (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002), 46. Conflict anywhere in the world deserves the attention of global citizens who can encourage and support positive change toward peace. UCB580, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USAContact Form, This piece was written while the author was completing a Master of Arts degree in Peace Studies at the, In 1988, it looked as if democracy and peace were advancing globally. Long before Africa was colonised, and way beyond the advent of slave trade, African societies had institutional mechanisms as well as cultural sources to uphold the values of peace, tolerance, solidarity and respect for, and of, one another.
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